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Corresponding author: M. Ellin Doyle, Ph.D., medoyle@wisc.edu Food Research Institute, UWŒMadison, August 2007 fri.wisc.edu/docs/pdf/FRI _Brief_H5N1_Avian_Influenza_8_07.pdf Funded in part by the American Meat Institute Foundation FRI BRIEFINGS Destruction of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Meat and Poultry Products M. Ellin Doyle1,* , Stacey Schultz-Cherry 2, Michael Robach3, and Ron Weiss 1 1Food Research Institute and 2Department of Medical Microbiology, University of WisconsinŒMadison 3Cargill, Inc. Contents Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………..1 Avian Influenz a Viruses………………………………………………………………………………………….. ………2 Low Pathogenicity Strains (L PAI)……………………………………………………………………………..2 High Pathogenicity Strains (H PAI) ……………………………………………………………………………3 HPAI H5N1……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …….3 Infection Cont rol in Birds………………………………………………………………………………………. ..5 HPAI Viruses in Food and Methods for Control………………………………………………………………….5 Presence in Meat……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……5 Presence in Eggs……………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……5 Cooking and Heat Treatment…………………………………………………………………………………….5 Irradia tion……………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………6 High Pressure………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……..6 HPAI Viruses in the Environmen t and Methods fo r Control…………………………………………………6 Survival in / on Envi ronmental Sa mples……………………………………………………………………..6 Inactivation / Decont amination Methods…………………………………………………………………….7 Summary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. …………….8 Acknowledgment………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……….8 Reference List………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………8 INTRODUCTION Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus was first detected in 1996 in domestic geese in southeast China but only became widely recog- nized the next year as it spread through live-bird markets in Hong Kong infecting many birds and eighteen humans, killing six. Office International des Épizooties (OIE) reports that HPAI H5N1 virus has now spread to domesticated birds in 44 countries and to wild birds in an additional 16 countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa. The largest numbers of outbreaks in poultry have been re- ported in Vietnam, Thailand, Egypt, Indonesia, and Turkey ( 45). As of 25 July 2007, 319 con- firmed cases and 192 deaths among exposed peo- ple in 12 countries have been reported to the World Health Organization (86). HPAI viruses cause systemic infections and have been detected in blood, bone, and breast and thigh meat of chickens ( 68). These viruses spread
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