The number of pages within the document is: 29
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Hadley Wickham
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2019-02-12 12:45:36.051643
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JSS JournalofStatisticalSoftware April2011,Volume40,Issue1. www.jstatsoft.org/ TheSplit-Apply-CombineStrategyforData Analysis HadleyWickham RiceUniversity Abstract Manydataanalysisproblemsinvolvetheapplicationofasplit-apply-combinestrategy, whereyoubreakupabigproblemintomanageablepieces,operateoneachpieceinde- pendentlyandthenputallthepiecesbacktogether.Thisinsightgivesrisetoanew R packagethatallowsyoutosmoothlyapplythisstrategy,withouthavingtoworryabout thetypeofstructureinwhichyourdataisstored. Thepaperincludestwocasestudiesshowinghowtheseinsightsmakeiteasiertowork withbattingrecordsforveteranbaseballplayersandalarge3darrayofspatio-temporal ozonemeasurements. Keywords : R ,apply,split,dataanalysis. 1.Introduction Whatdowedowhenweanalyzedata?Whatarecommonactionsandwhatarecommon mistakes?Giventheimportanceofthisactivityinstatistics,thereisremarkablylittleresearch onhowdataanalysishappens.Thispaperattemptstoremedyaverysmallpartofthatlackby describingonecommondataanalysispattern:Split-apply-combine.Youseethesplit-apply- combinestrategywheneveryoubreakupabigproblemintomanageablepieces,operateon eachpieceindependentlyandthenputallthepiecesbacktogether.Thiscropsupinallstages ofananalysis: ‹ Duringdatapreparation,whenperforminggroup-wiseranking,standardization,ornor- malization,oringeneralwhencreatingnewvariablesthataremosteasilycalculatedon aper-groupbasis. ‹ Whencreatingsummariesfordisplayoranalysis,forexample,whencalculatingmarginal means,orconditioningatableofcountsbydividingoutgroupsums.
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